Arch 42 sits beneath a Victorian viaduct, completed in 1878 as part of upgrades to the London & South Western Railway (LSWR) Nine Elms works. Until this point, the line from Nine Elms towards Vauxhall had run along an embankment before continuing onto the high brick viaduct into Waterloo.
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https://nineelmslondon.com/features/new-arch-42-route-reveals-victorian-viaduct-history/